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HOLIDAY: Tequila Trivia For National Tequila Day

Caballito & Margarita Glass
[1] The two special tequila glasses: caballito and Margarita (photo © El Jimador).

Watermelon Cocktail
[2] A tequila-watermelon cocktail. The recipe is below (photo courtesy Milagro Tequila).
Blue Agave Pinas

[3] After harvesting, piñas are roasted in a stone oven (photo © Casa Noble Tequila).

Pulque
[4] Pulque: what the Aztecs drank before the conquistadors taught them how to distill (photo © Mexico News Network).

 

July 24th is National Tequila Day. How about some tequila trivia?
 
 
THE AGAVE PLANT

  • The Blue Weber agave plants used to make tequila are pollinated by bats. They flower only once.
  • While the agave plant looks like a cactus, it is a succulent in the lily family.
  • The leaves of agave are so sharp that they are used as cutting instruments.
  • A blue agave plant matures in 6-12 years and weighs 90 to 150 pounds. The piña itself (photo #3) weighs from 25 to 50 pounds.
  • The piña is the part of the plant used to make tequila, and gets its name because it looks like a pineapple (piña in Spanish). It grows underground. It looks like a pineapple, so is called a pia.
  • The person who harvests the piña is called a jimador (HEE-ma-dor), which derives from the verb gemir, to groan with effort.
  •  
     
    THE TEQUILA

  • The nectar of the piña is called pulque (PULL-kay, photo #4). The Aztecs fermented the sap from the leaves of the maguey agave. It was drunk by people of rank during religious ceremonies.
  • Pulque remained popular until the late 19th century. Its sales declined in favor of beer, which was brewed by European immigrants.
  • The conquistadors, who arrived in 1519, taught the Aztecs how to distill agave into a spirit, now known as tequila.
  • There are four legally authorized expressions (categories) of tequila: blanco, reposado, añejo and extra añejo. Laws dictate the minimum and maximum aging period for each. Here are details.
  • For marketing purposes, some premium producers have created “hybrid” tequilas with new names, e.g., barrel select reserve blanco; or have created extra-extra aged tequila marketed which may be called, e.g. 5 years aged tequila, or El Magnifico. These are names bestowed by the distillery, not by law.
  • The longer it ages, the more flavors it develops and the darker it gets. Blancos, which are clear, can be aged for a few weeks for complexity, but so briefly that they don’t take on color.
  • The worm in the bottle (which is the larva of a moth) is not placed into tequila bottles, but into some mezcal bottles. These are cheaper, “tourist souvenir” mezcals, not quality brands.
  •  
     
    DRINKING TEQUILA

  • The taste of tequila comes partially from its aging time in white oak barrels, but also from the volcanic soil of the Jalisco region, which imparts a spicy, earthy quality.
  • The traditional way to drink tequila is from a tall, narrow shot glass called a caballito (photo #1), which means little horse. Another name for the glass is tequilito, little tequila shots.
  • When drinking shots, the wedge of lemon or lime provided is to refresh the palate between drinks.
  • FLore has it that tequila shots cause fewer hangovers than cocktails with sugar, but this isn’t so. The alcohol hangover is caused by the dehydration effect from the alcohol itself.
  •  
     
    TEQUILA SALES

  • Tequila was first imported to the U.S. in 1873. It remained a niche product until Mexican restaurants began to open up outside of California and the Southwest, in the 1960s.
  • The United States is the largest tequila-consuming market (yes, even more than Mexico).
  • Almost half of the tequila is drunk by women (which may owe thanks to regular and frozen Margaritas).
  • The Margarita is the number one cocktail in the U.S., per The Spirits Business.
  •  
     
    OK, you’ve earned your drink. Happy National Tequila Day!

     
    RECIPE: TEQUILA-WATERMELON COCKTAIL

    If you are multiplying this recipe, consider pulsing the watermelon in a blender instead of muddling.

     
    Ingredients For 1 Drink

  • 2 ounces blanco/silver tequila
  • ½ ounce fresh lime juice
  • 4 one-inch cubes fresh watermelon or to taste
  • 1 teaspoon agave nectar
  • Garnish: 3 watermelon balls on a pick or notched cucumber slice on the rim
  •  
    Preparation

    1. MUDDLE the watermelon and agave in a mixing glass. Add the remaining ingredients and shake with ice.

    2. STRAIN into a martini glass and garnish as desired.
     
     
    MORE: TEQUILA COCKTAIL RECIPES, HISTORY &: MORE

  • Añejo Tequila With Dessert
  • Award-Winning Tamarind Margarita
  • Bandera Shots
  • Beyond Salt: Different Margarita Rimmers
  • Bloody Maria Cocktail Recipe
  • Caramel Apple Pie & Cherry Pie Cocktail Recipes
  • Cranberry Tequila Cocktail Recipe
  • Cucumber Tequila Recipe
  • Deconstructed Margarita
  • El Vocho Tequila Shooters
  • Flavored Tequila
  • Margarita History
  • Mercadito Coctail
  • More Tequila Cocktails
  • Non-Cocktail Ways To Use Tequila
  • Original, Frozen & Other Margarita Recipes
  • Passionfruit Tequila Cocktail Recipe
  • Pink Tequila Cocktai Recipes
  • September 16th: The Real Mexican Independence Day
  • Smokin’ Maria Recipe
  • Spicy Pineapple Cocktail
  • Spicy Tequila Cocktail Recipes
  • Spicy Watermelon Margarita
  • Sweet & Hot Tequila Cocktail
  • Tequila 101: The Five Expressions (Types) Of Tequila
  • Tequila & Cheese Tasting
  • Tequila Christmas Cocktail
  • Tequila Cupcakes
  • Tequila Hot Chocolate
  • Tequila Lemonade Recipe
  • Tequila Expressions
  • Tequila History
  • Tequila With Maple Bacon Rim Recipe
  • Watermelon Tequila Fizz
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    TIP OF THE DAY: 12+ More Uses For Trail Mix

    August 31st is National Trail Mix Day, but we’re jumping the gun with today’s tip.

    Trail mix is a popular grab-and-go snack. Leave out the chocolate chips (substitute toffee chips or M&Ms), and it’s a great hot-weather grab-and-go.

    It’s also fun to make your own creative blend of ingredients.

    12+ USES FOR EXTRA (LEFTOVER) TRAIL MIX

    Turn trail mix leftovers into:

  • Baking: Mix into brownies, cookies, loaf cake (carrot bread, zucchini bread), muffins (toppings or mixed into batter); make granola bars.
  • Beverages: Garnish whipped cream on hot chocolate, milkshakes, and smoothies; serve in ramekins with hot or cold drinks.
  • Breakfast Cereal: Top cold or hot cereal, overnight oats, pancakes, and waffles (garnish and/or batter ingredient).
  • Breakfast Dairy: Top yogurt or cottage cheese.
  • Candy: Mix into homemade chocolate bark.
  • Dessert: Garnish cupcakes, fruit salad, iced carrot cake, pudding, zucchini bread.
  • Ice cream: Top frozen yogurt, ice cream, sorbet.
  • Party favor: Set up a “trail mix bar” and let guests mix their own, to go.
  • Salad: Garnish green salads.
  • Salad: Mix into protein salads (egg, chicken, tuna).
  • Sandwich: Top a cream cheese, jelly sandwich or peanut butter sandwich; a cream cheese bagel; mild grilled cheese (e.g. Brie) or goat cheese sandwich.
  • Side: Mix into a grain salad (for a trail mix without candy).
  • Snack: Toss with popcorn (recipe below).
  •  
     
    RECIPE: SPICY TRAIL MIX POPCORN

    This recipe is adapted from Walnuts.org. Here are more recipes incorporating cheese, peanut butter and other ingredients.

    Ingredients

  • 2 large egg whites
  • 1 tablespoon Worcestershire sauce
  • 2 tablespoons sweet paprika
  • 1 1/2 teaspoons cayenne
  • 1 tablespoon ground cumin
  • 1 tablespoon curry powder
  • 1 to 2 teaspoons kosher salt (use the lesser amount if using lightly salted popcorn)
  • 1 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
  • 2 cups trail mix
  • 9 cups freshly popped unsalted popcorn, see instructions below
  • 1 cup dried cherries, cranberries, golden raisins, or other colorful dried fruit
  •  
    Preparation

    1. PREHEAT the oven to 325°F. Line a large baking tray with parchment paper or no-stick aluminum foil; set aside.

    2. COMBINE the egg whites in a large bowl with the Worcestershire sauce, paprika, cayenne, cumin, curry, salt, and pepper. Whisk until very well combined.

    3. ADD the trail mix and toss well to coat thoroughly. Add the popcorn and toss until the popcorn is well-speckled with the granola mixture. You will still see much of the white popcorn, but that’s O.K.

    4. TRANSFER the mixture to the prepared baking tray; spread it over the entire sheet. Bake until the coating is dry and the popcorn is crisp, about 15 minutes. Allow to cool.

    5. ADD the raisins and mix well. You can store the popcorn in an airtight container at room temperature for up to three days.

      Trail Mix On Waffles
    [1] Top pancakes and waffles (photo courtesy Sierra Trading Post).

    Smoothie With Trail Mix
    [2] Top a smoothie. Here’s the recipe for this chocolate breakfast smoothie from Natural Comfort Kitchen.

    Yogurt With Trail Mix
    [3] Here’s the recipe from Natural Comfort Kitchen (with homemade yogurt).

    Popcorn Trail Mix
    [4]Is it trail mix popcorn, or popcorn with trail mix. Here’s the recipe from Delicious Meets Healthy.

     
    HOW TO MAKE YOUR OWN TRAIL MIX

    Mix and match:

  • Candy: carob chips, chocolate chips/chunks, crystallized ginger, mini marshmallows, M&M’s, Reese’s Pieces, toffee, yogurt clusters
  • Cereal: Cheerios, Chex, Corn Flakes, graham cracker cereal, Grape Nuts, mini shredded wheat, rolled oats
  • Dried fruits: apples, apricots, banana chips, blueberries, candied orange peel (gourmet!), coconut, dates, dried cherries, and cranberries (our favorites!), dried mango, figs, raisins
  • Exotica: crystallized ginger, Japanese rice crackers, jerky bits, sesame sticks, wasabi peas
  • Nuts almonds, cashews, pecans, pistachios, walnuts, or other favorite (chop large nuts into chunks)
  • Savory: freeze-dried edamame, peas or veggie chips; pretzels, mini crackers, roasted chickpeas, soybeans or soy nuts, wasabi peas
  • Seeds: chia, pepitas (pumpkin seeds), sunflower seeds
  •  
     
    THE HISTORY OF TRAIL MIX
     
     

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    Penuche Recipe, A Brown Sugar Confection Like Fudge

    Penuche
    [1] Penuche, an old-fashioned brown sugar treat. Here’s the recipe from Endlessly Inspired.
    Nut Free Penuche
    [2] Nut-free penuche. Here’s the recipe from Fearless Fresh.

    Chocolate Sea Salt Penuche
    [3] What could make it better? Some chocolate and sea salt. Here’s the recipe from Rook No.17.

    Piloncillo
    [4] Piloncillo, a cone of panocha. Here’s more about it from Sweet Potato Chronicles.

     

    July 22nd is National Penuche Day. Penuche (pen NOO chee) is often called brown-sugar fudge, but it’s actually a brother or sister.

    While it follows the same preparation method, what makes it different is the use of brown sugar rather instead of white, and plain milk instead of cream. (The other ingredients common to both are butter and vanilla).

    > The recipe for penuche is below.

    > Also below is the history of penuche.

    Penuche has a tannish color, a result of caramelization. Caramelization also engenders a more complex sugar flavor, with notes of butterscotch or caramel.

    You may encounter penuche with different spellings: panocha, penocha, penochi, panucci, pinuche and penuchi, among others.

    In the Southern United States, it is called creamy praline fudge, and brown sugar fudge candy.

  • Penuche is very similar to a Québec confection called sucre à la crème (cream sugar), a holiday season tradition.
  • A cousin is the southern praline, which is made by boiling brown sugar, butter, and cream and cooked to a soft-ball stage like penuche, but filled with pecans and spooned onto wax paper to form patties.
  • An ancestor is Scottish tablet.
  • An adaption is penuche frosting, a brown sugar-boiled icing flavor. It is popular with spice cakes and versions with prunes and other dried fruits (photo #5).
  •  
    For Both Penuche And Fudge

  • A fat-sugar solution is heated to the soft ball stage, 236°F.
  • The solution is set aside to cool to lukewarm, about 110°F.
  • Flavorings are added and the solution is beaten until thick. Mix-ins (nuts, M&Ms, etc.) are added.
  • The mixture is poured into a pan, allowed to cool until semi-hard and cut into bite-sized pieces.
  •  
    But using milk instead of cream gives penuche a lighter body.

    Over time, some cooks substituted evaporated milk or sweetened condensed milk in their preparation.

    Penuche Variations

    In recent years, a version with maple syrup has surfaced in New England. With the popularity of salted caramels, versions have appeared topped with a layer of chocolate fudge and sea salt (a great idea, by the way).
     
    Ready to make some penuche?
     
     
    RECIPE: CLASSIC PENUCHE

    Nuts add another flavor dimension and can be larger pieces or chopped to your desired consistency.

    You may note that some recipes add corn syrup to prevent crystallization. But if you’re planning to scarf these within a few days, it’s not an issue.

    Ingredients

  • 2 cups light brown sugar
  • 2/3 cup whole milk
  • 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
  • 1 tablespoon butter plus more to grease the pan
  • 1 cup chopped pecans (substitute walnuts)
  • Candy thermometer
  •  
    Preparation

    1. LIGHTLY BUTTER an 8×8-inch pan and set aside.

    2. COMBINE the sugar and milk in a heavy-bottomed saucepan and bring to a boil. Stirring constantly, let the temperature rise to the soft-ball stage, 236°F.

    3. REMOVE the pan from heat. Add butter but do not stir. Set aside to cool to lukewarm, 110°F.

    4. ADD the vanilla and beat until the mixture is smooth, thick, and creamy. Add the nuts and pour into the prepared pan. When set, cut into squares.

    Variation

    For comparison, here’s a recipe for penuche made with condensed milk.

     

    PENUCHE HISTORY

    While brown sugar-based fudge existed previously, penuche appears to have originated in New England. Brown sugar, light or dark, provides a hint of molasses that yields a spicier, richer flavor than regular white sugar.

    The difference between a lighter and darker tan color is light versus dark brown sugar. A dark brown sugar recipe has more of a molasses taste.

    While the origin of penuche isn’t known for certain, it looks like a descendant of a Scottish confection called tablet.

    We’ve pieced together some background.

  • Some sources claim the idea for penuche fudge originated in 1924, made by or for a Boston Bruins player named Mark Penuche. However, we could find no record of a Mark Penuche online [source].
  • Penuche is a Mexican Spanish word for raw sugar. According to MexGrocer.com, panela or penuche, raw brown sugar, can be purchased in panocha (chunks) or piloncillo (a tall cone shape—photo #4), and is “a delicious ingredient to prepare Mexican desserts.”
  • Another historical link is to the Scottish tablet, a fudge-like treat with a caramel flavor, made from boiling butter, condensed milk, and sugar. Boiled sweets are a Scotch tradition dating to the 1600s when sugar was first imported from the West Indies.
  • Scottish tablet was first mentioned in a household account book in the 18th century owned by Lady Grisell Baillie and its caramel buttery taste is still loved above all other confections in Scotland, to this day [source]. Here’s a recipe for Scottish tablet.
     
    Wherever the origin of penuche may lie, it became a New England favorite in the 1920s and subsequently migrated to fudge counters across the country.

    Now that you have the recipe, try some!
     
     
    FOOD TRIVIA: FUDGE

    Fudge was an accident, the result of an attempt to make caramels. And what a happy accident!

    > Here’s the history of fudge.

  •   Penuche Frosting
    [5] Brown sugar frosting, popular with spice cakes, is called penuche frosting. Here’s the recipe from Cafe Johnsonia.

    Scottish Tablet

    [6] Scottish tablet seems to be the closest relative to penuche. Here’s the recipe from London Eats.

     

     
     

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