THE NIBBLE BLOG: Products, Recipes & Trends In Specialty Foods


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FOOD 101: Apple Pie History & The Different Types Of Apple Pie

Apple Pie With Appliques
[1] The classic: as American as apple pie (photo © Mackenzie Ltd).

Dutch Apple Pie
[2] Dutch apple pie has a streusel topping. Here’s the recipe from Kraft.

Lattice Apple Pie
[3] Salted caramel apple pie with lattice crust. Here’s the recipe from Williams-Sonoma.


[4] Tarte Tatin is an upside-down apple pie. Here’s the recipe from Martha Stewart.

Rosette Apple Pie
[5] Rosette apple pie. Here’s the recipe from Honestly Yum.

 

December 3rd is National Apple Pie Day. It’s time to get your fork and dig in!
 
 
THE HISTORY OF APPLE PIE

While apples were baked in pastry long before they were mentioned in print, the first written apple pie recipe dates to 1381 England. The recipe, printed by Geoffrey Chaucer, included apples, figs, raisins and pears—but no sugar—baked in a pastry shell.

Western Europeans only discovered sugar as a result of the Crusades, in the 11th Century C.E. The first mention of sugar in England was in 1099.

By 1319 C.E. it was published that sugar was available in London at two shillings per pound, today’s equivalent of $100 per kilo [source].

Why didn’t Chaucer add honey? It’s too late to ask now. Maybe the fruit was so sweet then, before modern hybridization for commercial benefits, that the natural sweetness levels were fine.

He could have used honey: Honey bees, though not native to Britannia, were introduced by the Romans around 500 C.E. (the history of honey).
 
 
APPLE PIE CROSSES THE POND

Apple pie is one of America’s cultural food icons, but it isn’t native. It was brought to the U.S. by Dutch and English settlers.

Apples themselves are native to Central Asia; the only apples native to North America are crab apples.

Apple varieties for both cider and pies made their way to Europe, where large numbers of orchards were planted.

As ships were provisioned for their voyages to the New World in the 17th century, young trees or cuttings were brought to America. The first apple orchard in North America was planted in Boston by Reverend William Blaxton, in 1625.

Today, the apples in apple pie are typically mixed with cinnamon, nutmeg, lemon juice and a pinch of salt. Other ingredients may be added, such as:

  • Alcohol: brandy, liqueur, rum, vodka (check it out)
  • Dairy: cream cheese, grated cheddar or gruyère cheese, heavy cream, sour cream (our favorite apple pie recipe is Sour Cream Walnut Apple Pie)
  • Dried Fruit: coconut, cranberries, dates, figs, raisins/sultanas
  • Fresh Fruit: a second or third fruit (blueberries, cherries, cranberries, grapes, strawberry-rhubarb)
  • Nuts: pecans and walnuts are most popular
  • More: bacon, base of custard/frangipane, caramel, green chiles, honey, lemon or orange peel/zest, maple syrup, nutmeg, vanilla, white chocolate
  •  
    The conventional crust is shortcrust pastry (also called short pastry), a soft, tender pastry made from flour, fat, salt and water, kneaded into a dough and rolled out. Lard is a popular fat for delivering flaky crusts.

    Shortcrust is typically made without sugar, although sugar and eggs can be added.

    So can cheddar cheese.

    Here’s how to make a cheddar cheese crust, honoring a New England tradition of pairing a slice of apple pie with a wedge of cheddar.
     
     
    TYPES OF APPLE PIE

    There are numerous types of apple pies—not to mention tarts and pastries—from which to choose. The journey can take you galettes to phyllo crusts to fried pocket pies, mini pies-on-a-stick and beyond.

    We’ve even had cheesecake apple pie and apple pie with a cinnamon-tortilla chip crust.

    Here are a few of types you may encounter in the U.S.:

  • Apple Crumb Pie: A variation of Dutch Apple Pie, the topping is made of a streusel of brown sugar, oats and butter.
  • Classic Apple Pie: seasoned with cinnamon and ideally a bit of nutmeg and lemon juice, this two-crust pie is made with shortcrust pastry.
  • Dutch Apple Pie: Dutch apple pie has a streusel topping of butter, flour and sugar instead of a pastry crust. This makes it sweeter than a pastry crust, with a slight crunchiness. Some Dutch apple pies include raisins.
  • French Apple Pie: Instead of a top crust, buttered, sugared bread crumbs—a variation of streusel—are used.
  • Mock Apple Pie: The crust is made from crackers, and probably invented for use aboard ships (the recipe was used in the British Royal Navy as early as 1812). It became popular in the antebellum South. In the 1930s and for many years afterwards, Ritz Crackers printed a recipe in its ads and on its boxes. We suggest cheddar crackers.
  • Tarte Tatin, French version of apple pie, was created by accident by hotel owner Stéphanie Tatin when she was trying to make a traditional apple pie in the 1880s. Here’s more of the story.
  •  
     
    APPLE PIE TRIVIA

    We’ve all heard the phrase, “as American as apple pie.” While apple pie is America’s most popular (followed by pumpkin and pecan), the pie came to us via English and Dutch immigrants.

    Did you ever wonder about the phrase “apple pie order,” meaning perfectly organized? What does apple pie have to do with organization?

    Perhaps it’s due to the neat layering of sliced apples in an apple pie?

     
    Actually, it’s likely an English mis-translation from the French nappe pliée ordre, meaning neatly folded linen napkins.

    It’s an oldie: The phrase was first recorded in 1780 in Pasley’s Private Sea Journals: “Their Persons Clean and in apple-pie order on Sundays.”
     
     
    > Check out the different types of pies in our pie glossary (with beautiful photos!).

    > Here are the differences between pies and tarts.
     
     

    CHECK OUT WHAT’S HAPPENING ON OUR HOME PAGE, THENIBBLE.COM.
      
     
     
      

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    PRODUCTS OF THE WEEK: Flavored Tortilla Chips, Lactose-Free Coffee Creamer

    We enjoy these two contenders at home, and also give them as small gifts.

    1. AL CHIPINO FLAVORED TORTILLA CHIPS

    For a tortilla chip lover, AL Chipino’s creative flavors are fun food.

    AL Chipino is a tortilla chip brand seasoned with global flavors. THey’re fun for entertaining or gifting to a tortilla chip lover.

    AL Chipino is currently made in 6 bold flavors and available in 2 sizes (5.5oz and 1.75 oz)

    Current flavors include:

  • BBQ Tikka Masala
  • Bollywood Sweet & Sour
  • NY Deli Cheese
  • Peri Peri
  • Salsa Picante
  • Sea Salt & Pepper
  •  
    You can also get creative with dipping, for example:

  • BBQ Tikka Masala with raita
  • Bollywood Sweet & Sour with a chutney-yogurt dip
  • NY Deli Cheese with horseradish dip
  • Peri Peri with queso dip
  • Salsa Picante with guacamole
  • Sea Salt & Pepper with salsa
  •  
    You can serve then on a chip-and-dip party bar. You can make nachos or Chex mix with them. You can have a good time.

    DISCOVER MORE AT ALCHIPINO.COM. You’ll also find creative recipes that put the flavored chips to good use.
     
    By the way, when we asked why the brand was called AL Chipino, we were told that it was a riff on Al Pacino. We’re not sure of the relation between Pacino and tortilla chips; but when we asked why AL is spelled in all caps: It’s “something different.”
     
     
    2. LEANER CREAMER: LACTOSE FREE

    Leaner Creamer says it’s the world’s first natural powdered creamer. But that’s not why it’s different.

    The company claims weight-loss benefits (see *below). We’re not qualified to judge those claims, but we are qualified to say that these are lactose-free powdered creamers worth looking at.

    We, for one, are happy to use them.

    Further, it increases the body’s metabolic rate by removing stress on the pancreas, thereby burning more energy and helping weight loss goals.

    Made from natural coconut oil, it is cholesterol-free, dairy-free, gluten free, lactose free and sugar free. There are no HFCS, hydrogenated soybean ols, artificial colors or flavors.

    The flavors include Original, plus:

  • Birthday Cake (Limited Edition)
  • Caramel
  • French Vanilla
  • Hazelnut
  • Indulgent Mocha
  • Peppermint Mocha (Limited Edition)
  • Pumpkin Spice (Limited Edition)
  •  
    There are two formats: a retro bottle (photo #3) and a refill pack. If you don’t want the bottle, just order the refill.

    The line is certified kosher by OU.
     
     
    GET YOURS AT LEANERCREAMER.COM.

      Al Chipino Bags
    [1] AL Chipino flavored tortilla chips.

    Greek Nachos
    [2] Greek nachos with Salt & Pepper flavor. Here’s the recipe (photos #1 and #2 courtesy AL Chipino).

    Leaner Creamer
    [3] Two of Leaner Creamer’s seven flavors (photo courtesy Leaner Creamer).

    Cup Of Coffee
    Carry some with you so you can always have lactose-free creamer for your coffee or tea (photo courtesy Sxphz | CSP).

     
    *WHAT’S UP WITH WEIGHT LOSS?

    According to the company, the product is made from ingredients that are said to help in weight loss. THE NIBBLE makes no claims to understanding these ingredients, and suggests that you do your own research.

    The principle ingredient is coconut oil, which contains short and medium-chain fatty acids that help in taking off excessive weight. It is also easy to digest and it helps in the healthy functioning of the thyroid and endocrine system.

    Citrus aurantium extract is extensively used in weight management products and as thermogenic agents. It is also used in sports performance products to enhance stamina and an increase in basal metabolic rate and lipolysis as well as mild appetite suppression.

    Hoodia is a succulent, fleshy cactus-like plant of the Asclepiad family. Among its many varieties, Hoodia gordonii is the most popular because its extracts suppress hunger and effectively helps reduce weight and fat percentage.

    Green tea extract is a product made from the Camellia sinensis plant. It is used for weight loss and to treat stomach disorders.

     

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    TIP OF THE DAY: Make A Hearty Soup


    [1] Kidney bean, kale and squash soup (photo courtesy Bush’s Best).

    Parsnip Soup
    Parsnip soup with bacon, chive and blue cheese garnish (photo courtesy Castello Cheese).

    Squash Soup With Yogurt Swirl
    Squash soup with drizzled sour cream garnish. Here’s how to drizzle creamy or flavored oil garnishes (photo courtesy Between The Bread | Facebook).

    Cheddar Cheese Soup
    Cheddar cheese soup with jalapeño, microgreens and red onion garnish (photo courtesy Doa Restaurant).

     

    When the weather gets cold, soup becomes a comfort food. While there are soups for all seasons, “hearty” is the word for winter recipes.

    A hearty soup, which can serve as a main meal, is also budget-friendly.

    It’s a time-saver, too: You can make a pot large enough to freeze for additional meals.

    Here are some tips from Flavor & The Menu:
     
    1. THE STOCK

    While beef and chicken stocks are more hearty, more and more people seek vegetarian options.

    In addition to conventional vegetable stock, consider roasted or smoked vegetable stocks—much heartier in flavor.
     
    2. THE MOST INEXPENSIVE PROTEIN: BEANS

    Cuisines all over the world have long used beans in soup. In addition to beans as a main ingredient, you can also purée them as a thickener (especially try chickpeas for this).

    Bean soups are adaptable to big, global flavors like curry, harissa or guajillo and other chiles.
     
    3. CONSIDER FLAVOR PROFILES

    How can some of your favorite flavors be adapted to soup?

    Rice and beans with chorizo and cheeseburger soup are two examples, but how about eggplant parmesan?

    Decide what you want to create and look up how to do it.
     
    4. CREAMY, NON-DAIRY SOUPS

    If you’re lactose-intolerant, kosher, or green (helping to save the planet by cutting back on animal products), take a tip from vegan cuisine and use nut milks for creaminess.

    Almond, cashew, coconut, hazelnut and macadamia milks, for example, add their own special flavors to chicken, fish and vegetable soups.
     
    5. CREATIVE GARNISHING

    Add a finishing touch with an easy garnish. Switching garnishes makes the soup different every time.

    Garnish options include:

  • Bread Garnishes: Croutons, oyster crackers/crumbled crackers, panko, toasts.
  • Dairy Garnishes: Crème fraîche, drizzled heavy cream, grated/shaved cheese, plain yogurt, quark, sour cream.
  • Herbs & Spices Garnishes: Fresh herbs taste best, but dried herbs are a backup.
  • Flavored Oil Garnishes: Basil oil, chile oil, garlic oil, or anything else you have on hand.
  • Nuts: Chop your favorite nuts and sprinkle them over the soup. Toasting the nuts makes them taste better.
  • Fruit Garnishes: Apple slices, dried berries and cherries, fresh berries, grapes, lemon and lime slices, melon balls, pear slices, diced pineapple
  • Vegetable Garnishes: Cooked or raw to match the soup, e.g. a broccoli floret or carrot slice atop broccoli or carrot soup. Try dried veggies too, especially garlic chips. Don’t forget jalapeño or other chiles.
  • Fun Garnishes: Crumbled savory pie crusts or yesterday’s biscuits, crushed pretzels or potato chips, fried chickpeas, popcorn, puffed grains.
  •  
    Think outside the box. Dried apple chips on a sweet vegetable soup, such as tomato, root vegetable or squash, is an exciting choice.

    Get more punch by layering your garnishes. In addition to the apple chips, for example, add a dollop of plain yogurt and snipped fresh chives, dill or parsley.
     
    More Garnishing

  • Garnishes For Every Soup
  • Glamorous Garnishes
  • Drizzled Oil Soup Garnishes
  •  

      

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    TIP OF THE DAY: Luke’s Lobster Rolls With Petrossian Caviar

    A lobster roll is a sandwich native to New England, where lobstermen and women have gathered crustaceans from the Atlantic Ocean for centuries.

    Chunks of lobster meat are served on a grilled New England-style hot dog-style bun with with squared edges, the roll opening on the top rather than the side like conventional, rounded hot dog rolls.

    Some lobster rolls are simply lobster on a buttered, toasted roll. Sometimes, the lobster is mixed with different ingredients: mayonnaise, melted butter, diced celery, chopped scallions or onion and/or lemon juice, seasoned with salt and pepper.

    Potato chips or french fries are the typical sides—and of course, a beer

    Luke’s lobster roll is the first style: lots of lobster in a great toasted, buttered roll for $16.

    Luke’s Lobster is nationwide upscale chain of lobster shacks and trucks that has brought delicious lobster rolls, shrimp rolls and crab rolls and other goodies (lobster grilled cheese, lobster mac ‘n’ cheese and more) to crustacean lovers at 28 locations nationwide (and more overseas).
     
     
    HOW TO IMPROVE ON THE LOBSTER ROLL: ADD CAVIAR

    For the holiday season, now through January, the already luxurious Luke’s lobster roll has gotten a royal garnish: fine sturgeon caviar from Petrossian.

    You can order the lobster roll with a 20-gram tin of of Petrossian’s Baika caviar (Acipenser Baerii—photo #2) from Lake Baikal in Siberia. The caviar retails at Petrossian, $65 for 30 grams. For $45-$50, depending on location, you get the $16 lobster roll plus the 20g tin of caviar.

    The caviar is enough to top the roll; some people may be tempted to dip the side of Cape Cod Potato Chips into it.

    Alas, it’s only available at some Luke’s locations. Check for the one nearest you.

    You can give a gift card from Luke’s Lobster, and order caviar and other delicacies at Petrossian.

      Luke's Caviar Roll
    [1] Luke’s lobster roll with Petrossian’s Baika sturgeon caviar (photo courtesy Luke’s Lobster).

    Royal Siberian Caviar - Petrossian
    [2] Baika sturgeon caviar from Petrossian (photo courtesy Petrossian).

     
    THE HISTORY OF LOBSTER ROLLS

    According to the Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink, the lobster roll originated in 1929 at Perry’s restaurant in Milford, Connecticut. It was initially served hot.

    Its popularity then spread along the Connecticut coast, with the warm sandwich called a lobster roll and the cold version a lobster salad roll.

    When did the butter come in? As far back as 1970, chopped lobster meat heated in drawn butter was served on a hot dog roll at roadside stands in Maine [source].

    In our opinion, simplest is best. The mayo, celery, etc. are only needed when the lobster isn’t fresh and naturally sweet. Which it always is at Luke’s Lobster.

    In North America, the lobster was not eaten by genteel people until the mid-19th century, when New Yorkers and Bostonians developed a taste for it [source].
     

    There were so many lobsters in the waters of New England that they just washed up on shore, and were looked at as if they were refuse. They became food for the poor, the way for the hungry to get their protein.

    Lobsters were collected and fed to prisoners, as well. Here’s more about it.
     
     

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    GIFT PICK: Specialty Chocolate Bars From Dean’s Sweets

    Flavored Chocolate Bars
    [1] Dean’s chocolate bar trio: White & Dark Chocolate Layers With Crushed Coffee Beans, Milk Chocolate With Potato Chips, Dark Chocolate With Brandied Candied Orange Peel.

    [2] At right: Little snow people in dark, milk and white chocolate (package of 10 assorted). Big snow people are also available (all photos courtesy Dean’s Sweets).

     

    Everything made by Dean’s Sweets, in Portland, Maine, is delicious.

    Dean Bingham, a professional architect, began making truffles years ago as a somewhat-casual, somewhat-serious sideline.

    Encouraged by everyone who tasted them, he opened a shop, Dean’s Sweets, in 2004.

    You’ll find all the classics chocolate truffles, bars and novelties, like chocolate-covered espresso beans, sheep and buttercrunch.

    For holiday stocking stuffers, we particularly like the chocolate bar trio (photo #1) for $10 ($3.65 individually):

  • Dark Chocolate With Brandied Candied Orange Peel
  • Milk Chocolate With Potato Chips
  • White & Dark Chocolate Layers With Crushed Espresso Beans (“Mocha Latte”)
  •  
    Also check out the:

  • Bacon buttercrunch
  • Solid chocolate Christmas tree in large or small
  • Little snowmen (photo #2)
  • Peppermint bark
  •  
    You’ll have fun browsing the entire website.

    GET YOUR CHOCOLATE AT DEANSSWEETS.COM
     
     
    Little Chocolate Snowmen

     

      

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