[1] Cheddar is a cheesesteak staple, but most people prefer American cheese (or perhaps, that’s all that’s on offer—we also like provolone). Here’s the recipe (photo © Supherb Farms).

[2] According to Tony Lukes’s, a venerable Philadelphia emporium, American cheese is the most popular (photo © Tony Luke’s | Visit Philly).

[3] Make cheesesteak with an international flair, like this Korean-fusion version with bulgogi beef, hot chiles and sriracha on a baguette. Here’s the recipe (photo © California Milk Advisory Board).

[4] A vegan “cheesesteak” made with grilled vegetables. Here’s the recipe from Sweet CS Designs (photo © Sweet CS Designs).

[5] Sirloin on an English muffin. Here’s the recipe (photo © Pre Brands).

[6] This one is made with ground beef. Here’s the recipe (photo © The Baker Chick).

March 24th is National Cheesesteak Day, celebrating the fourth-most influential hallmark of Philadelphia—after the Declaration of Independence, the Liberty Bell and Ben Franklin. (Some might re-order this to put cheesesteak first.)

What is cheesesteak? It’s not a piece of cheese slapped onto a steak, like a cheeseburger. Rather, it’s a chopped fantasy of flavors that many Philadelphians revere as their favorite fast food.

Cheesesteak (photo #1) is made of thin slices of grilled steak, covered with melted cheese and served on a long roll. Traditionally, it includes grilled peppers and onions or hot cherry peppers.

It has been personalized with different ingredient options at different cheesesteak emporia.

And it’s become a fusion food, like the Korean bulgogi-hot chile cheesesteak in photo #4. Or embrace onto other ideas, like vegan “cheesesteak” (photo #5) or Buffalo chicken cheese “steak.”

Below:

> The history of cheesesteak.

> The different types of cheesesteak.

> The “ultimate” gourmet cheesesteak.

Elsewhere on The Nibble:

> The year’s 28+ sandwich holidays.

> The year’s 25+ beef holidays.

> The year’s 30 cheese holidays.
 
 
HOW ABOUT A CHEESESTEAK PARTY?

When the grill comes out for the season, consider a DIY cheesesteak party. It’s fun to build your own (blue cheese, anyone?) and see what others have created.

You can make it a gourmet cheesesteak party with better steak, better cheese, better bread and toppings (e.g. caramelized onions).
 
Ingredients

The Basics

baguette, French, Hero/hoagie, Italian,

 
Marinades

 
Plus

 
Condiments

 
Creative Options

 
 
THE HISTORY OF CHEESESTEAK

The term “cheesesteak” originated with the Philly Cheesesteak. Before then, there were simply steak sandwiches, sliced beef on bread.

According to VisitPhilly.com, Philadelphia’s official tourism site, the cheesesteak in the 1930s by Pat Olivieri.

Olivieri was a hot dog vendor in South Philly. One day, he expanded his menu by adding some sliced beef to the grill. A cab driver was lured by the aroma of grilling meat, and ordered a steak sandwich, which he received on an Italian roll.

By the next day, the buzz about the sandwich had spread among cabbies; locals were attracted to it; and shortly Olivieri opened a shop on 9th Street and Passyunk Avenue, called Pat’s King of Steaks, to sell his steak sandwich.

But it was still not a cheesesteak!

According to nephew Frank Olivieri Jr., the cheese was added in the 1940s by an otherwise unspectacular employee named Joe Lorenza, who added slices of provolone to the sandwich [source].

Eventually, he added cheese to the recipe.

In 1966 a rival shop across the street: Geno’s. While Geno’s was not the first to add cheese to the sandwich it is credited with creating the Whiz, using Cheez Wiz instead of sliced cheese. (Frankly, we prefer something more refined, like gruyère.)

The friendly rivalry wages on decade after decade, as do the arguments among customers as to whose cheesesteak is better.

Word spread rapidly through the cabbie rumor mill, and drivers from all over the city soon visited Olivieri for steak sandwiches. Olivieri eventually opened up Pat’s King of Steaks on 9th Street and Passyunk Avenue. manager Joe Lorenza, according to Philadelphia Magazine.

By the way, if you’re in town, both Pat’s and Geno’s are open 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Other cheesesteak vendors have popped up developed their own loyal clientele.

Below: The different types of cheesesteak.

Following the Philly Cheesesteak, numerous cheesesteak variations have popped up over time. Here are some notable ones:
 
Regional Variations

 
Cheese Variations

The classic Philly uses Cheez Whiz, provolone, or American cheese. But some prefer:

 
Meat Variations

 
International Twists

 
Not to mention:

Philly Cheesesteak Baked Potato: The recipe.
 

[8] The pièce de résistance: wagyu beef, Gruyère cheese, and a caviar garnish (photo © RegalisFoods).
 
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*Buffalo sauce is a spicy, tangy, and buttery hot sauce typically used for Buffalo wings, but also on cheesesteaks, fries, mac and cheese, pizza, sandwiches and wraps. Hot sauce (usually Frank’s RedHot) is blended melted butter and sometimes vinegar, garlic powder, and/or Worcestershire sauce.
 
 

CHECK OUT WHAT’S HAPPENING ON OUR HOME PAGE, THENIBBLE.COM.

 
 
  

If you order grain bowls at cafes or take-outs, have you ever made them at home?

A grain bowl is essentially a complete meal in one bowl. Combining whole grains, proteins, vegetables, and dressing, it’s a nutritious and filling lunch or light dinner,

This tip from DeLallo Foods is an easy blueprint.
 
 
HOW TO MAKE A GRAIN BOWL

There’s no exact science.

1. WHOLE GRAIN. There are many grains to choose from. Working through the list, you can change the personality of your bowl time after time.

Some favorites: barley, brown rice, couscous, farro, freekeh, kamut, millet, polenta, quinoa, spelt berries. You can also use smaller pasta shapes like orzo and acini di pepe, but you may not be able to find them in whole grain.

Mini Tip: Cook your grains in vegetable or chicken broth, instead of water.

(Check out all these grains in our Beans & Grains Glossary.)

2. PROTEIN. Make it light or hearty with beans, chicken, a fried or poached egg, pork, shrimp, tofu, tuna. Leftover proteins are more than welcome.

3. VEGETABLES. Fill up on a boatload of greens and other vegetables, raw, roasted or otherwise cooked. Try arugula, bell peppers, broccoli, carrots (we like carrot curls), chard, mushrooms, spinach, and anything that appeals to you as you peruse the produce aisle.

Assemble varied colors: orange sliced sweet potatoes, purple cabbage, red bell peppers, red or orange beets, red radicchio.

You can also add pickled and marinated vegetables, from dilly beans and pickled jalapeños marinated artichoke hearts. Steamed baby potatoes are fun.

4. DRESSING. You can use a salad dressing or a sauce like peanut or pesto. We prefer to keep it simple with a drizzle of balsamic vinegar and extra virgin oil, perhaps a squeeze of lemon or lime juice.

But you may prefer honey mustard, Italian or ranch dressing. Go for it.

5. GARNISHES. Garnishing is an opportunity to add more favorite flavors: avocado, capers, cherry or grape tomatoes, chopped scallions, edamame, fresh herbs, lemon zest, olives, watermelon radishes, etc.

We like to add crunch: nuts and/or seeds, trendy roasted chickpeas.
 
 
HAVE A GRAIN BOWL PARTY

[1] Grain bowl ingredients. Imagine them in a DIY buffet (both photos courtesy DeLallo).

[2] Mediterranean grain bowls with farro and chicken breasts. Here’s the recipe.

It’s an opportunity to introduce guests to grains they haven’t had before.

At this point, everyone knows what brown rice and quinoa taste like. So pick three or four others from the WHOLE GRAIN list above.

And for the mix-ins: The sky’s the limit.

 
 
GRAIN BOWL HISTORY

A grain bowl is another term for a macrobiotic dish* variously known as Buddha bowl, dragon bowl, grain bowl, hippie bowl, macro bowl or power bowl.

These “bowls” began to emerge in macrobiotics around 2014, but the foods they include have been part of a diet philosophy for centuries [source].

Macrobiotics is both a practice (a diet) and a philosophy (way of life). The belief, drawn from Zen Buddhism, is that its balanced diet (the balance of yin and yang) is the basis of good health, which delivers true happiness and freedom.

The macrobiotic diet is based on whole grains, vegetables, and beans are the mainstays of the diet; it mostly limits animal fat (fish is the one exception). Here’s an overview of the diet, including what is and is not recommended.

The diet may be beneficial for people dealing with heart disease and high cholesterol. While the American Cancer Society stops short of recommending macrobiotic diets to prevent cancer because there’s no scientific evidence, it does say that researchers believe eating a plant-based, low-fat, high-fiber diet lowers the risk of heart disease and some kinds of cancer [source].

 
What’s In A Grain Bowl?

It depends on what the eater desires to eat, in the categories of beans/legumes, grains and vegetables.

Think of a large bowl layered with beans, brown rice or other whole grain, seasonal vegetables, sea vegetables (e.g. seaweed), tofu or fish for protein, and a garnish of fermented or pickled vegetables.

If you’d rather garnish your grain bowl with avocado, carrot curls, chopped scallions or jalapeños, go for it!

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*While modern eaters may add eggs, fish or other animal-based protein to the bowl, a traditional macrobiotic diet allows only fish.

[1] Top on the list of pesticide-laden produce: strawberries (photo courtesy In Harvest).

[2] Popeye beware: Spinach is #2 (photo Stephen Ausmus | USDA Agricultural Research Service).

[3] In addition to nutrition, kale is laden with pesticides (photo courtesy National Kale Day).

Your fresh produce may not be as innocently good for you as you think. The annual Dirty Dozen list is out, naming the fruits and veggies most likely to be tainted with pesticides—even after you wash them.

The Shopper’s Guide to Pesticides in Produce is published annually by The Environmental Working Group, a nonprofit whose mission is to empower people to live healthier lives in a healthier environment.

 
The findings are always eye-opening. Take kale, a vegetable embraced in recent years as a nutritional powerhouse.

A single sample of kale—#3 on this year’s Dirty Dozen list—had up to 18 different pesticide residues.

Strawberries top the list for the 4th year in a row, being the most likely to retain pesticides even after washing.

The antidote? Eat more organic produce. The challenge: Organic produce is more costly and not every market carries the organic options you are looking for.
 
 
THE DIRTY DOZEN
1. Strawberries
2. Spinach
3. Kale
4. Nectarines
5. Apples
6. Grapes
7. Peaches
8. Cherries
9. Pears
10. Tomatoes
11. Celery
12. Potatoes
 
Here are more on the “dirty” list. Take a look: It may influence your shopping decisions.
 
 
THE CLEAN FIFTEEN

Produce with the least amount of pesticides include:

1. Avocados
2. Sweet Corn*
3. Pineapple
4. Sweet Peas
5. Onions
6. Papayas*
7. Eggplants
8. Asparagus
9. Kiwis
10. Cabbages
11. Cauliflower
12. Cantaloupes
13. Broccoli
14. Mushrooms
15. Honeydew
 
 
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*A small amount of sweet corn, papaya and summer squash sold in the United States is produced from genetically modified seeds. If you want to avoid genetically modified produce, buy organic varieties of these foods.