Are you an epicure, gastronome, gourmet, gourmand or glutton?

The Old Foodie, of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, takes on the discussion thusly:

“In the lexicon of lip-smacking, an epicure is fastidious in his choice and enjoyment of food, just a soupçon more expert than a gastronome; a gourmet is a connoisseur of the exotic, taste buds attuned to the calibrations of deliciousness, who savors the masterly techniques of great chefs; a gourmand is a hearty bon vivant who enjoys food without truffles and flourishes; a glutton overindulges greedily, the word rooted in the Latin for ‘one who devours.’…

“After eating, an epicure gives a thin smile of satisfaction; a gastronome, burping into his napkin, praises the food in a magazine; a gourmet, repressing his burp, criticizes the food in the same magazine; a gourmand belches happily and tells everybody where he ate; a glutton embraces the white porcelain altar, or, more plainly, he barfs.”

Or not.

THE NIBBLE’s take is a bit different. Here is our response to an inquiry from a reader:
 
 
FOODIE: A foodie can be defined as someone who has a passion for high quality food, and pursues it with zeal. Foodies are interested in all foods, including everyday and casual foods like breads and potato chips, as long as they are the finest quality.

A foodie is a different psychographic than a gourmet. A gourmet is considered to be a person who has sophisticated tastes in food and wine. Foodies can be gourmets, but many foodies are not gourmets: They just prefer the best of the basics.

By the same token, some gourmets are not foodies: They prefer their rarefied experiences, and are not excited, e.g., by the thought of searching Chinatown for the best scallion pancakes, or finding a truly amazing old-fashioned jelly doughnut.

A foodie is not, then, someone who likes to eat out (almost everyone does) or photograph and post his/her food online (most people of a certain inclination do). It just makes you like everyone else in today’s culture.

[1] The Official Foodie Handbook, published in London in 1984, launched the concept of the foodie (photo © Arbor House Publishing Company).

[2] Buy the shirt at Burger Junkies.

The term “foodie” was coined in 1984 by authors Ann Barr and Paul Levy, in The Official Foodie Handbook, a tongue-in-cheek observation of passionate food lovers (including Levy) who would wax poetic about radicchio and have enraptured conversations about their food discoveries.

The phenomenon was first recognized and described in the book by the duo, a magazine editor (Barr) and American-born journalist (Levy), both based in London.

[3] Caviar is known as fancy fare for a connoisseur or gourmet. A foodie wants the best, but it can just as easily be the best jelly doughnut (photo of caviar and crème fraîche © Kendall Farms).

[4] A foodie seeks the best of everything, even the finest artisanal peanut butter and jelly (photo © Grain Foods Foundation).

RELATED TERMS
 
 
GOURMET: We would argue that today’s gourmet is a broader-perspective fine food enthusiast who pursues the complex and sophisticated flavors in the major world cuisines; and that there is still a dividing line between what is accessible and enjoyable to many people, and what is more rarefied and of interest to those whose palates and noses seek higher levels of nuance and challenge (i.e., the gourmets).

A simplistic example might be the difference between the enjoyment of a fine Brie, appreciated by a large number of people, and an Epoisses, which is much more demanding of the nose and taste buds (and can be thrilling or off-putting, depending on which side of the line you stand).
 
 
EPICURE An epicure is a connoisseur, a person who cultivates a refined taste, especially in food and wine.

Epicurus was an Athenian philosopher (341 B.C.E. to 270 B.C.E.) who taught that pleasure is the highest good. Thus, epicureanism is touched with sensuous enjoyment of the food (think oohs and aahs).

A connoisseur (from the French connaître meaning “to be acquainted with” or “to know something”) is a person who has a great deal of knowledge about the a topic, in this case food and drink; and is an expert judge in matters of taste.
 
 
GASTRONOME: Gastronome and gastronomist are synonyms, as is gourmet—the emphasis being on connoisseurship as well as sensuous enjoyment.
 
 
GOURMAND A gourmand a person who is fond of good eating, often to excess, but generally a lover of good food. The word evolved from the Old French word for glutton, gormant. Here, the emphasis is on sensuous enjoyment and quantity over connoisseurship.

We think of of gourmet as a connoisseur, while a gourmand is a discriminating glutton.

Lastly, there’s the…
 
 
GLUTTON: A glutton eats voraciously, excessively and indiscriminately. The word comes from the Latin for “to gulp down.”

Where would you place yourself on this list?

Personally, we’re a hybrid: an epicurean-foodie-gourmand.
 
 
> National Foodies Day is May 9th.

> Check out our 100 food glossaries, created for foodies.